DISINFO: There has never been a historical Ukraine
SUMMARY
The historical existence of a Ukrainian state is an absurd, oxymoronic notion. Historically speaking, Ukraine has never existed.
RESPONSE
Recurring pro-Kremlin disinformation narrative denying Ukrainian nation and statehood.
Ukraine is a well-defined nation-state with a distinct national and political culture, in spite of having been ruled by foreign powers for much of its history. It is universally recognised as a sovereign state, with its own flag, nationality, language, membership in international organisations, etc.
For further reading on the general history of Ukraine and its people, see e.g. The Gates of Europe, A History of Ukraine by Serhii Plokhy; The Ukrainians: Unexpected Nation by Andrew Wilson; Ukraine: A History by Orest Subtelny; A History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples by Paul Robert Magosci; and Ukraine: Birth of a Modern Nation by Serhy Yekelchyk.
See also related debunks: Ukrainians are not Ukrainians but Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians and Russians are one single nation, Ukraine has no historical roots, Ukraine was created by Vladimir Lenin, The Ukrainian state was created by the Bolsheviks.